Hypopharynx - a tongue-like structure in the floor of the mouth. The mandibles are finer than the maxillae, but both have saw-like edges on their tips. *Anterior chamber of preoral cavity is –cebarium. Mouthparts used to form this structure varies among groups. After Michener (1974, fig. They are common and hardy insects, and can tolerate a wide range of environments from Arctic cold to tropical heat. The salivary glands discharge saliva through it. 2. In male mosquitoes, the mandibles are absent. siphoning mouthparts are long tubes used for sucking nectar (butterflies, moths). The middle legs are the mesothoracic legs. Mandibles are often simply referred to as jaws. This system remains little changed in all insects which chew their food, both larvae and adults. • Mouthparts of insects vary to a great extend among insects of different groups depending upon their feeding habits. Each of the three pairs of legs is named after the region of the thorax to which it attaches: The prothoracic legs are closest to the cockroach's head. * Number of legs in cockroach–6. Cockroaches are somewhat generalized insects without special adaptations like the sucking mouthparts of aphids and other true bugs; they have chewing mouthparts and are likely among the most primitive of living Neopteran insects. The mouthparts are unfolded and spread apart. Many insects with sucking mouthparts also have a salivary pump for injecting saliva into the preoral cavity. sponging mouthparts are tongue-like structures that have spongy tips to suck up liquids or food that can be made liquid by the insect's vomit (house flies, blow flies). The basic segmental character of the mouthparts is most apparent in insects that bite off fragments of food and then chew it before ingesting it (Fig. They are common and hardy insects, and can tolerate a wide range of environments from Arctic cold to tropical heat. Haustellate mouthparts can be further classified as piercing-sucking, sponging, and siphoning. A median flexible lobe, acting as tongue (hypopharynx), lies within the cavity enclosed by the mouthparts (). * Posterior chamber of preoral cavity is –salivarium. Frontal view of head at top and dissected mouthparts at bottom (reproduced from Gullan, P.J. * Arrangement of podomers are–coxa, trochanter, femer, tibia, and tarsus. Insect mouthparts are derived from the appendages of four of the segments forming the insect head. Cockroaches are somewhat generalized insects without special adaptations like the sucking mouthparts of aphids and other true bugs; they have chewing mouthparts and are likely among the most primitive of living neopteran insects. Mouthparts of honey bee worker (posterior view). The crop is followed by gizzard. Ans. Cockroach & grasshopper. 4. MANDIBULATE MOUTH PART Mandibulate (chewing) mouthparts are used … Like the German cockroach, this domestic species probably originated in tropical Africa, where it occurs both indoors and outdoors. They are common and hardy insects, and can tolerate a wide range of environments from Arctic cold to tropical heat. This is an excellent example of adaptive radiation (an evolutionary process in which two or more populations, exposed to different selective pressures, diverge from a common ancestor). Mandibles, maxillae and hypo pharynx are modified to form needle-like stylets which are placed in the labial groove. 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